Liver failure occurs when a large proportion of liver tissue has been irreversibly damaged and the organ can no longer perform its essential functions adequately. It can be life-threatening and may require urgent medical intervention.
The inability of the liver to maintain its functions can cause serious disturbances throughout the body. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are therefore essential.
Chronic Liver Failure (Cirrhosis)
The most common situation is progressive damage to the liver over many years, resulting in a gradual loss of function. This is called chronic liver failure, or cirrhosis. Alcohol, hepatitis infections, and fatty liver disease are among the possible causes.
Acute Liver Failure
Acute liver failure is relatively rare. It is a rapid loss of liver function over days or weeks in someone without previously recognized liver disease. The condition can occur suddenly because of toxins, viral infections, or certain medications, and may be fatal without prompt treatment.
Who Can Develop Liver Failure?
Liver failure can occur at any age, but the underlying causes differ between children and adults. Genetic and congenital disorders are more prominent in pediatric patients, while infections, alcohol use, and metabolic diseases are more frequent causes in adults.